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MCQs 1: Family is the basic point of _______ for the children ?

enculturation and socialization Protection Learning and growing None of these
Answer Explanation

MCQs 2: A Group of people affiliated by consanguinity affinity and co-residence is______________?

Neighborhood Class Family None of these
Answer Explanation

MCQs 3: What is the term used by Francis Fukuyama (1992) to describe the triumph of Western-style democracy has over other forms of government ?

the end of history the rise of neoliberalism the fall of communism the birth of nationalism
Answer Explanation

MCQs 4: Which of these is Steven Lukes,s third dimension of power _____________?

the ability to influence decisions in a conflict situation the ability to manipulate others desires the ability to control the issues discussed the ability to appeal to legal-rational authority
Answer Explanation

MCQs 5: The theory pictures social movements as operating within a competitive field of movements __ a “social movement industry” ____ within which they compete not least for members and activists Which theory of social movements is this ___________?

new social movement theory collective behavior theory social strain theory resource mobilization theory
Answer Explanation

MCQs 6: The global spread of democracy is probably the most striking trend in geopolitics but in the established Western democracies what has now become a source of major concern ?

electoral fraud the expanding number of small political parties the decline in voter turnout security problems with-e-voting
Answer Explanation

MCQs 7: Which of the following is not an example of an institution or organization of global governance ?

United States of America the European Union the United Nations the International Criminal Court
Answer Explanation

MCQs 8: Which theorist sees power as the chance that you will get your way even against opponents ?

Steven Lukes Max Weber Michel Foucault Jean Baudrillard
Answer Explanation

MCQs 9: In reviewing capitalism worldwide following the downfall of communism in the Soviet Union some observers suggest that_____________?

capitalist nations fully agree on the merits of capitalism practiced by all developed nations Russia Eastern Europe Latin America and Asia have fully accepted and are practicing the style of capitalism practiced in the United States in dynamic Asian nations (e.g. Japan Singapore Hong Kong South Korea and Taiwan) government intervention in economic life has resulted in a “governm the performance of the Asian economy and financial institutions in late 1997 and early 1998 strongly supports the “government-business /state capita
Answer Explanation

MCQs 10: How do market and command economies differ ?

Market economies rely on free markets whereas command economies rely on consumer sovereignty Market economies rely on cooperation whereas command economies rely on conflict Market economies rely on privately held property whereas command economies rely on publicly-held property Market and command economies do not differ substantially, but their political institutions do
Answer Explanation

MCQs 11: Political parties ?

are organizations designed to gain control of the government but not necessarily by putting their own people in office tend to be pulled to the “right” must appeal to a broad base of the electorate in order to win tend to be barriers between citizens and the government
Answer Explanation

MCQs 12: Totalitarianism ?

is the authoritative formulation of policies that are binding and pervasive throughout the society? is a state in which the government is concerned with satisfying the needs of the total person? is a state in which the government seeks to control all subordinate governmental units all institutions and even personal associations and individual can incorporate only in a socialist society
Answer Explanation

MCQs 13: In _______ authority rules are obeyed because their commands are within the impersonal formally defined scope of their office ?

charismatic legal-rational state traditional
Answer Explanation

MCQs 14: Why is force not he most effective means for political rule ?

Force is very efficient but also very costly Honor is denied to those who rule by force alone The elite’s ideals are fulfilled but tainted by use of force Force is the most effective means for political rule
Answer Explanation

MCQs 15: Some conflict theorists argue that the state is an instrument that is manipulated by the capitalist class This manipulation is accomplished through ?

lobbying campaign financing and corruption socialization outside the capitalist class to enforce discriminatory norms class warfare economic cycles and intercorporate conflict corporate corruption through interlocking directorates
Answer Explanation

MCQs 16: Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the state ?

The state has existed throughout human history The existence of the state requires that some people are able to devote time and energy to organizing power resources External factors such as threats and trading partners played no part in the rise of the state The production of a social surplus hindered the rise of the state
Answer Explanation

MCQs 17: Which of these is NOT an explicit feature of Third Way politics ?

the strengthening of civil society retrenchment in welfare spending the maintenance of a mixed economy environmentally sustainable economic growth
Answer Explanation

MCQs 18: Representative democracy is best described as system ?

where those elected simply represent the views of the electors which ensures political equality and protects liberty where decisions are taken by people elected by the community as a whole where decisions are made communally by those affected by them
Answer Explanation

MCQs 19: Which of the following is not a new social movement ?

resource mobilization theory labor movement environmental movement anti-nuclear movement
Answer Explanation

MCQs 20: Which political figure first called for a Untied States of Europe ?

Adolf Hitler Winston Churchill Charles De Gaulle Harry S Truman
Answer Explanation

MCQs 21: What proportion of the world’s societies today are thought to be authoritarian rather than democratic ?

about half one fifth one third one tenth
Answer Explanation

MCQs 22: In What year did the 15 constituent republics of the USSR declare independence thereby ending the Soviet Union as a functioning state ?

1989 1998 2001 1991
Answer Explanation

MCQs 23: Multinational corporations______________?

maintain strong national identities in spite of operating abroad may need to avoid alienating non-American workers and customers provide preferential treatment for American employees play an increasingly important role in the structuring of the division of labor in the world economy
Answer Explanation

MCQs 24: Which conception of welfare refers to the provision of a “safety net” for disadvantaged populations ?

behaviorist egalitarian populist residua list social insurance
Answer Explanation

MCQs 25: All societies confront three basic economic problems Which of the following is NOT one of them ?

determining what goods and services to produce determining how to employ limited resources determining how much each individual should be paid determining for whom goods and services should be produced
Answer Explanation

MCQs 26: In a democracy ?

the powers of government derive from the consent of the governed the procedures for changing government officials may change with each administration the people govern directly the government tolerates little opposition
Answer Explanation

MCQs 27: __________ is the political process that has to do with the authoritative formulation of policies that are binding and pervasive throughout society ?

Democracy Power Government Totalitarianism
Answer Explanation

MCQs 28: Power legitimated by the sanctity of age-old customs is called ________ authority ?

characteristic charismatic legal-rational traditional
Answer Explanation

MCQs 29: Which type of theorists would argue that relentless class conflict between capitalists and workers boom and bust economic cycles and intercorporate conflict place limits on the ability of the capitalist class to manipulate political institutions at will?

instrumental conflict theorists reactionary conflict theorists structural conflict theorists dysfunctional conflict theorists
Answer Explanation

MCQs 30: According to the functionalist perspective what are the four functions served by the state ?

enforcement of norms planning and direction arbitration of conflicting interests and protection against other societies oppression of minorities enforcement of norms planning and direction protection against enemies within society enforcement of norms planning and direction protection against other societies protection against enemies within society arbitration of conflicting interests maintaining social contracts distributing goods and services protection against internal threats
Answer Explanation

MCQs 31: Power whose basis is the threat or application of punishment is called______________?

charismatic authority traditional authority authority force
Answer Explanation

MCQs 32: Herbert Gans called urban residents who prefer to live in their own tight-knit communities ?

cosmopolites ethnic villagers the trapped gentrifies
Answer Explanation

MCQs 33: World systems analysis is closely aligned with_________________?

the concentric zone theory the multiple -nuclei theory new urban sociology zone sector theory
Answer Explanation

MCQs 34: The multiple-nuclei theory of urban growth was presented by______________?

Ernest Burgess Homer Hoyt Ferdinand Tonnies C.D Harris and Edward L. Ulman
Answer Explanation

MCQs 35: In comparison with industrial cities preindustrial cities had_____________?

relatively open class systems extensive social mobility a much more rigid division of labor by gender all of the above
Answer Explanation

MCQs 36: Which country is currently experiencing a negative birthrate ?

China Bangladesh Iran Tunisia
Answer Explanation

MCQs 37: According to _____________ a variety of life experiences can come to be viewed as illnesses or not ?

functionalist perspective conflict perspective interactionist perspective labeling theory
Answer Explanation

MCQs 38: Which of the following nations has the lowest infant mortality rate ?

USA Mozambique Canada Sweden
Answer Explanation

MCQs 39: The conflict perspective would note that____________?

Physicians serve as “gatekeepers” for the sick role either verifying a patient’s condition as “illness” or designating the patient as “rec Patients play an active role in health care by failing to follow a physician’s advice Multinational corporations based in industrialized countries have reaped significant profits by “dumping” unapproved drugs on unsuspecting Third W The designation “healthy ” or “ill” generally involves social definition by others
Answer Explanation

MCQs 40: Of the following nations life expectancy at birth is highest in______________?

Japan USA Gambia unknown
Answer Explanation

MCQs 41: The term manufactured risk refers to_______________?

risks which result from human interaction with the natural world risks associated with the activities of manufacturing industries risks that have been exaggerated by the output of the media risks that only affect advanced industrial economies
Answer Explanation

MCQs 42: Which of the following has NOT been identified as a potential consequence of global warming ?

falls in agricultural yields the spread of disease the use of unclear energy a rise in sea levels
Answer Explanation

MCQs 43: Which of these is not a criticism that critical realists make of social constructionist approaches to the environment ?

social constructionism reminds us that all environmental issues have an important social aspect and context social constructionism remains agnostic about the scientific reality of environmental issues social constructionism tells us more about social interactions than the relationship between society and the environment social constructionism applies standard which demand new theorizing and approaches
Answer Explanation

MCQs 44: Supporters of sustainable development are arguing for_____________?

more resource to be directed towards economic growth more resources to be put into Third World development growth that minimizes resource depletion and pollution fewer resources to be directed towards economic growth
Answer Explanation

MCQs 45: How did the Brundtland Commission (1987) define sustainable development ?

development that protects the environment for future generations even at the expense of the present generation development which meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs a type of development which put the interests of developing countries ahead of the interests of the rich nations development that is capable of maintaining sustainable economic growth for all countries of the world
Answer Explanation

MCQs 46: How are genetically modified foods different from previous techniques ?

the genes used cannot spread into the wider environment they involve transplanting genes from one organism to another we can say with certainty that they are risk-free they have been accepted by consumers in all countries
Answer Explanation

MCQs 47: Which of these can sociology not help us with ?

predicting likely weather patterns in the future understanding how human societies put pressure on the environment understanding how environmental problems are distributed evaluating policies for tackling environmental problems
Answer Explanation

MCQs 48: Which theoretical perspective defines the ecological environment as an ecosystem exhibiting a tendency toward equilibrium ?

the interactionist perspective the conflict perspective the relativist perspective the functionalist perspective
Answer Explanation

MCQs 49: Which of the following is an accurate statement about segregation ?

Segregation in always an involuntary process Segregation is the encroachment by one group on an area occupied by another group Segregation can be prevented by the practice of redlining Segregation is the process by which natural areas are formed by the clustering of individuals or groups on the basis of common traits or activities
Answer Explanation

MCQs 50: Which of the following is an accurate statement about global cities ?

Global cities are major urban centers of commerce on which corporations rely. Global cities are characterized by centralized manufacturing and production activities. Global cities result from decentralized managerial and financial operations. Global cities result from changes in world population
Answer Explanation

MCQs 51: Which of the following are NOT factors involved in whether or not people define a situation as crowded ?

duration and predictability frame of mind and environmental setting the sex and race of individuals present intensification of people’s definition of the situation
Answer Explanation

MCQs 52: Proponents of the family planning approach to fertility reduction argue that______________?

economic development will lead to a reduction in fertility governments consider modern contraceptive measures to be a threat to the preservation and continuation of their way of life. if contraceptives are made available and if information about the value and need for birth planning is disseminated people will reduce their fertility people can be coerced into using family planning techniques
Answer Explanation

MCQs 53: According to Marx_____________?

an economic crisis in the capitalist system would force factory owners into the ranks of the unemployed an excess of the working-class population depends on the availability of employment opportunities not on fixed supply of food. the problems associated with population growth are a function of the scarcity of wealth self-control would restrain population growth.
Answer Explanation

MCQs 54: Which of the following is an accurate statement about a population pyramid ?

A population pyramid portrays the sex and age composition of a population A population pyramid must be based on absolute numbers. A population pyramid is of interest solely to academics. A population pyramid requires complex statistical calculation to understand the interrelationship between age and sex in a given population.
Answer Explanation

MCQs 55: The ____ is the increase or decrease that results from immigration or emigration per 1000 member of the population in a given year ?

emigration rate growth rate immigration rate net migration rate
Answer Explanation

MCQs 56: The crude birth rate______________?

is the annual number of live births per 1000-woman age 15-44? Is the potential number of children that could be born if every woman of childbearing age bore all the children she possibly could? is the number of live births per 1000 members of a population in a given year enables researchers to see important difference among races. ethnic groups, classes, age groups, and other categories with in the population
Answer Explanation

MCQs 57: Which group of sociologists note that developers’ bankers and other powerful real estate interests view housing as an investment and are primarily concerned with maximizing profit not with solving social problems?

urban ecologists new urban sociologist functionalists human ecologists
Answer Explanation

MCQs 58: Robert Park and Ernest Burgess are associated with________________?

the functionalist perspective the conflict perspective the linear-development model Urban ecology
Answer Explanation

MCQs 59: In which type of city does religion become fragmented and there is greater openness to new religious faiths ?

preindustrial city industrial city postindustrial city edge cities
Answer Explanation

MCQs 60: Urbanization in preindustrial cities was restricted by_____________?

reliance on animal power as a source of energy the high levels of surplus produced by the agricultural sector the ease of migration to the city all of the above
Answer Explanation

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